The reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II from 1876 to 1878

Abstract

The paper discusses the first two years of the reign of the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Abdulhamid II, which is known as the “First Constitution Era”. With the overthrow of Sultan Murad V and the ascension of his brother, the Ottoman Empire entered an era of Absolutism that brought a new reality to both the great powers of Europe and the weakened Ottoman Empire.

The article discusses the key events of 1876-1878 based on foreign literature, such as the Sultan Abdülhamid's II ascension to the throne, the struggle against the European states, the Istanbul Confe­rence, the adoption of the Constitution, the formation and dismissal of the Parliament, the Russo-Ottoman War of 1877-1878, the Treaty of San Stefano, the Congress of Berlin and the Chirac Incident. With all of this in mind, we've tried to get through the first two years of the Ottoman Empire's autocratic rule, which had a great impact not only on the politics of the great powers of Europe, but also on Georgia.